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Coriolus versicolor | Turkey Tail
Coriolus versicolor | Turkey Tail
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Immune Support | Gut Health | Respiratory Aid
Shop Turkey Tail wholesale with the Mushroom Dispensary.
Note: Can be purchased as powders or made up in blends to personal specifications, and supplied in capsules upon request.
All of our mushroom specimens and extracts are lab-tested, quality-controlled, and supplied by trusted growers on farms we have personally visited.
Summary
Summary
Turkey Tail, or C. versicolor (also known as Kawaratake, Yun Zhi) is the most widely researched of all medicinal mushrooms. Though most prolific in winter, it can be found growing all year, typically on dead deciduous trees, branches, and stumps. It contains polysaccharide peptide (PSP) and polysaccharide krestin (PSK), from which large-scale clinical trials have shown impressive results in treating various conditions.
Turkey Tail Mushroom and Cancer:
Many a Turkey Tail mushroom cancer study and clinical trial support its use in combination with conventional treatment ⁸,¹³,¹⁴. for stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, oesophagal cancer, uterine, breast, and nasopharyngeal cancer.
Recommended Medicinal Uses
Recommended Medicinal Uses
• Cancers ¹,⁸,¹³,¹⁴
• Boosting immune cell production
• Improving chemotherapy and radiotherapy side effects
• Enhancing immune status in HIV patients
• Enhancing tumour infiltration
• Reducing the frequency of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) outbreaks
• Has shown promise in treating Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ³⁹
• Hepatoprotective properties ⁴⁰,⁴¹
Dose
Dose
Commercial polysaccharide extracts are commonly prescribed at 3g/day and for long-term use may be given in cycles of two weeks on, and two weeks off. The dosage for crude polysaccharide extracts is typically 3-6g/day for cancer and 1-2g/day for immune support. The biomass also shows promise at 3g/day for chronic immune deficient conditions.
Contraindications
Contraindications
No conclusive safety issues have been determined for long-term use. However, Turkey Tail is considered one of the safest medicinal mushrooms and has been tested in many clinical trials. Side effects during pregnancy, or when combined with pharmaceutical drugs are of low concern. As yet, no published negative interactions have been reported. We recommend that medical professionals prescribing Turkey Tail check contraindications with patients’ medical history and active prescriptions.
Research
Research
1. Krestin (PSK). Tsukagoshi S, Hashimoto Y, Fujii G, Kobayashi H, Nomoto K, Orita K. Cancer Treat Rev. 1984;11(2):131–155.
2. Anticancer effects and mechanisms of polysaccharide-K (PSK): Implications of cancer immunotherapy. Fisher M, Yang LX. Anticancer Res. 2002;22(3):1737–1754.
3. A review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, PSP) from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor(Basidiomycetes: Polyporaceae). Ng TB. Gen Pharmacol. 1998;30(1):1–4.
4. Polysaccharopeptides of Coriolus versicolor: physiological activity, uses, and production. Cui J, Chisti Y. Biotechnol Adv. 2003;21(2):109–122.
5. Effects of PSK on T and dendritic cells differentiation in gastric or colorectal cancer patients. Kanazawa M, Yoshihara K, Abe H, Iwadate M, Watanabe K, Suzuki S, Endoh Y, Takita K, Sekikawa K, Takenoshita S, Ogata T, Ohto H. Anticancer Res. 2005;25(1B):443–449.
6. The immunomodulator PSK induces in vitro cytotoxic activity in tumour cell lines via arrest of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis. Jiménez-Medina E, Berruguilla E, Romero I, Algarra I, Collado A, Garrido F, Garcia-Lora A. BMC Cancer. 2008;8:78.
7. Trametes versicolor mushroom immune therapy in breast cancer. Standish LJ, Wenner CA, Sweet ES, Bridge C, Nelson A, Martzen M, Novack J, Torkelson C. J Soc Integr Oncol. 2008;6(3):122–128.
8. The use of mushroom glucans and proteoglycans in cancer treatment. Kidd PM. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5(1):4–27.
9. Medicinal value of turkey tail fungus Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát (Aphyllophoromycetideae). A Literature Review. Hobbs C. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2004;6(3):195–218.
10. Method of producing nitrogen-containing polysaccharides. Ueno S, Yoshikumi C, Hirose F, Omura Y, Wada T, Fujii T, Takahashi E. 1980. US Patent 4,202,969
11. Polysaccharide Krestin enhances manganese superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Pang ZJ, Chen Y, Zhou M. Am J Chin Med. 2000;28(3-4):331–341.
12. Effect of polysaccharide krestin on glutathione peroxidase gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Pang ZJ, Chen Y, Zhou M, Wan J. Br J Biomed Sci. 2000;57(2):130–136.
13. Efficacy of Yun Zhi (Coriolus versicolor) on survival in cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eliza WL, Fai CK, Chung LP. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2012;6(1):78–87.
14. PSP in clinical cancer therapy – a review. In: Yang Q (Ed.): Advanced Research in PSP. Hong Kong : Hong Kong Association for Health Care Ltd, 1999:68–75.
15. Postoperative long-term chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Kaibara N, Soejima K, Nakamura T, Inokuchi K. Jpn J Surg. 1976;6(2):54–59.
16. Combined effect of prophylactic lymphadenectomy and long-term combination chemotherapy for curatively resected carcinoma of the stomach. Kodama Y, Kano T, Tamada R, Kumashiro R, Okamura T, Inokuchi K. Jpn J Surg. 1982;12(4):244–248.
17. Clinical study of PSK as an adjuvant immunochemotherapeutic agent against gastric cancer. Mitomi T, Ogoshi K. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1986;13(8):2532–2537.
18. Postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy with mitomycin C, futraful and PSK for gastric cancer. An analysis of data on 579 patients followed for five years. Niimoto M, Hattori T, Tamada R, Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Ogawa N. Jpn J Surg. 1988;18(6):681–686.
19. Efficacy of immunochemotherapy as adjuvant treatment after curative resection of gastric cancer. Nakazato H, Koike A, Saji S, Ogawa N, Sakamoto J. Lancet. 1994;343(8906):1122–1126.
20. Immunotherapy as adjuvant treatment after curative resection of gastric cancer. Kondo M. Lancet. 1994;344(8917):274.
21. Significant prolongation of disease-free period gained by oral polysaccharide K (PSK) administration after curative surgical operation of colorectal cancer. Torisu M, Hayashi Y, Ishimitsu T, Fujimura T, Iwasaki K, Katano M, Yamamoto H, Kimura Y, Takesue M, Kondo M & Nomoto K. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 1990;31(5):261–268.
22. Randomized, controlled study on adjuvant immunochemotherapy with PSK in curatively resected colorectal cancer. Mitomi T, Tsuchiya S, Iijima N, Aso K, Suzuki K, Nishiyama K, Amano T, Takahashi T, Murayama N, Oka H, Oya K, Noto T, Ogawa N. Dis Colon Rectum. 1992;35(2):123–130.
23. Adjuvant immunochemotherapy with oral Tegafur/Uracil plus PSK in patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer: a randomised controlled study. Ohwada S, Ikeya T, Yokomori T, Kusaba T, Roppongi T, Takahashi T, Nakamura S, Kakinuma S, Iwazaki S, Ishikawa H, Kawate S, Nakajima T, Morishita Y. Br J Cancer. 2004;90(5):1003–1010.
24. Effect of Krestin (PSK) as adjuvant treatment on the prognosis after radiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Hayakawa K, Mitsuhashi N, Saito Y, Takahashi M, Katano S, Shiojima K, Furuta M, Niibe H. Anticancer Res. 1993;13(5C):1815–1820.
25. Postoperative long-term immunochemotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Okudaira Y, Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kai H, Kuwano H, Matsuura H. Jpn J Surg. 1982;12(4):249–256.
26. Adjuvant PSK immunotherapy in patients with carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Go P, Chung CH. J Int Med Res. 1989;17(2):141–149.
27. Randomized adjuvant trial to evaluate the addition of tamoxifen and PSK to chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer. Toi M, Hattori T, Akagi M, Inokuchi K, Orita K, Sugimachi K, Dohi K, Nomura Y, Monden Y, Hamada Y. Cancer. 1992;70(10):2475–2483.
28. Immunochemotherapies versus chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment after curative resection of operable breast cancer. Iino Y, Yokoe T, Maemura M, Horiguchi J, Takei H, Ohwada S, Morishita Y. Anticancer Res. 1995;15(6B):2907–2912.
29. HLA antigen as predictive index for the outcome of breast cancer patients with adjuvant immunochemotherapy with PSK. Yokoe T, Iino Y, Takei H, Horiguchi J, Koibuchi Y, Maemura M, Ohwada S, Morishita Y. Anticancer Res. 1997;17(4A):2815–2818.
30. Enhancing effect of irradiation on carcinoma of the uterine cervix by administering the protein-bound polysaccharide kureha (PSK)–quantitative nuclear DNA analysis following irradiation. Hayashi Y. Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi. 1988;40(2):179–186.
31. Coriolus versicolor – innovation in prevention of oncogynecological diseases, especially HPV. Bogdanova J. Akush Ginekol (Sofia). 2008;47(Suppl3):51–53.
32. Coriolus versicolor supplementation in HPV patients. [Poster]. Couto JS, da Silva DP. 20th European Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2008.
33. Coriolus – Assessment of the effect on patients infected with low and high-risk types of HPV. Borisov S. Clin J Mycol. 2012;3(2):2–3.
34. A biological response modifier, PSK, inhibits reverse transcriptase in vitro. Hirose K, Hakozaki M, Kakuchi J, Matsunaga K, Yoshikumi C, Takahashi M, Tochikura TS, Yamamoto N. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987;149(2):562–567.
35. Polysaccharopeptide from the turkey tail fungus Trametes versicolor(L.:Fr.) Pilát inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 reverse Transciptase and Protease. Ng TB, Wang HX, Wan DCC. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2006;8(1):39–43.
36. The clinical use of Coriolus versicolor supplementation in HIV+ patients and the impact on CD4 count and viral load. [Poster]. Pfeiffer M. Presented at the III International Symposium on Mushroom Nutrition in Milan on Saturday, March 10th, 2001.
37. The effectiveness of Coriolus versicolor supplementation in the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma in HIV+Patients. [Poster]. Tindall J, Clegg E. Presented at the 10th International Congress of Mucosal Immunology in Amsterdam, June 28th–July 1st, 1999.
38. In vitro inactivation of herpes simplex virus by a biological response modifier, PSK. Monma Y, Kawana T, Shimizu F. Antiviral Res. 1997;35(3):131–138.
39. Coriolus. Munroe JA. J Integr Med. 2004;8:101–108.
40. Effects of a hot-water extract of Trametes versicolor on the recovery of rat liver function. Kim BK, Park SE, Kim SY, Hyun JW, Kim HW, Shim MJ. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2000;2(1):35–42.
41. Pharmacological studies on certain mushrooms from China. Ooi VEC. Int J Med Mushrooms. 2001;3(4):341–354.
42. Hobbs, C., 2004. Medicinal value of turkey tail fungus Trametes versicolor (L.: Fr.) Pilát (Aphyllophoromycetideae). A literature review. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 6(3).
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